In Punjabi, every verb has a causative form where the meaning can be changed from “to do something” to “to cause to do something”. This is usually done by changing the ending from ਣਾ ṇā to ਉਣਾ uṇā, but there are some spelling variations. Consider the following examples:

• ਕਰਨਾ karanā (to do) => ਕਰਾਉਣਾ karāuṇā (to cause to do)
• ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ paṛhanā (to read) => ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਣਾ paṛhāuṇā (to teach - to cause to read)
• ਹਾਰਨਾ hāranā (to lose) => ਹਰਾਉਣਾ harāuṇā (to defeat - to cause someone to lose)
• ਖਾਣਾ khāṇā (to eat) => ਖਵਾਉਣਾ khavāuṇā (to feed - to cause someone to eat)
• ਭੁੱਲਣਾ bhullaṇā (to forget) => ਭਲਾਉਣਾ bhalāuṇā (to mislead - to cause to forget)