Remember, a word is oblique if it comes right before a preposition/postposition (of, to, from, at, on, with etc.) and a word is direct if it does not.
The endings of most adjectives change depending on if the word they describe is direct or oblique, but there are some adjectives that don’t change at all. This table describes how an adjective ending changes based on if the word it describes is masculine/feminine, singular/plural, or direct/oblique.
Masculine | Feminine | ||
Singular | Direct | ā | ī |
Oblique | ē | ī | |
Plural | Direct | ē | īā(n) |
Oblique | iā(n) | īā(n) | |
Almost all adjectives ending in ā, ē change their ending depending on if the word they describe is direct or oblique
siraph ikk kēlā kharāb sī
Only one banana was rotten
dono kēlē kharāb san
Both bananas were rotten
Even though kēlē (bananas) is plural, kharāb (rotten) does not change form because it is a red adjective)
mae(n) ajj do navīā(n) kitābā(n) kharīdīā(n) san
I bought two new books today
navīā(n) kitābā(n) dē akkhar sāph paṛhē jāndē han
New books’ letters can be read easily
uh lambbā munḍḍā tērā dosat hae?
Is that tall boy your friend?
uh lambbē munḍḍē dā nām kī hae?
What is that tall boy’s name?
lambbā (tall) becomes lambbē even though it is singular because it describes munḍḍē (boy), which is oblique because it comes before the postposition dā (of)
uh do lambbiā(n) munḍḍiā(n) dā nām kī hae
What are those two tall kids’ names?
lambbā (tall) becomes lambbiā(n) because it describes munḍḍiā(n) (boy), which is plural and oblique because it comes before the postposition dā (of)
Adjectives NOT ending in ā, ē do NOT change their ending regardless of whether the word they describe is direct / oblique
ih dēsh dā sabh to(n) garam ilākā hae
This is the countries hottest region
garam ilākē dē lok dī soch vakkhari hunddī hae
People in hot regions have a different mindset
Because it doesn’t end in ā or ē, the word garam (hot) stays the same even though the word it describes ilākā (region) becomes oblique when coming right before the postposition dē (of)